Determiners

A type of word that describes the reference type of a noun. You could think of determiners as a special class of noun modifiers and the only ones that exist before the head noun.

[determiners][head noun] [modifiers]

Determiners involve something related to plurality (quantity), adequacy, or time. They are the fundamental attributes of nouns alongside what makes each noun unique.

Quantity

You can provide numerals as determiners and they allow you to specify the plurality or quantity of the nouns being referred to. Larger numbers are created by using the below method of assembling parts of a number:

Latin

Number	Hisyëö
0	xünyu
1	kut
2	düi
3	son
4	nonkü
5	tiü
6	toü
7	xëti
8	tukwos
9	eson
10	dus
11	önsu
12	pole
13	telö
14	zıyön
15	kinsë
16	ses
17	dus xëti
18	dus tukwos
19	dus eson
20	düi dus
21	düi dus kut
22	düi dus düi
23	düi dus son
100	viyën
101	viyën kut
234	düi viyën son dus nonkü
1000	elvü kut
1,000,000	elvü düi
1,999	elvü kut, eson viyën eson dus eson

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

Number	ɂ́ɟɀʇɽı
0	ɋ̃ʄɀʃ
1	ɔ̆ʃ
2	ʌʄɽɟ
3	ɐ̃
4	ƨ̃ɔʄ
5	cɟɽʄ
6	cɽʄ
7	ɋʇcɟ
8	c̑ʃʒ́
9	ɽɿɐ̃
10	ʌ́ʃ
11	ɽ̃ıɐʃ
12	ʋʓɿ
13	cɿʓı
14	ⱴȷɀ̃ı
15	ɔ̃ɟɐʇ
16	ɐ́ɿ
17	ʌ́ʃ ɋʇcɟ
18	ʌ́ʃ c̑ʃʒ́
19	ʌ́ʃ ɽɿɐ̃
20	ʌʄɽɟ ʌ́ʃ
21	ʌʄɽɟ ʌ́ʃ ɔ̆ʃ
22	ʌʄɽɟ ʌ́ʃ ʌʄɽɟ
23	ʌʄɽɟ ʌ́ʃ ɐ̃
100	ɤɟɀ̃ʇ
101	ɤɟɀ̃ʇ ɔ̆ʃ
234	ʌʄɽɟ ɤɟɀ̃ʇ ɐ̃ ʌ́ʃ ƨ̃ɔʄ
1000	ɽ͊ɿɤʄ ɔ̆ʃ
1,000,000	ɽ͊ɿɤʄ ʌʄɽɟ
1,999	ɽ͊ɿɤʄ ɔ̆ʃ, ɽɿɐ̃ ɤɟɀ̃ʇ ɽɿɐ̃ ʌ́ʃ ɽɿɐ̃

Add one of these before your noun and you have provided a quantity determiner (a cardinal number).

Latin

son sütüö lı cok sün zomo. "Three friends are leaving the group."

nü puswen son dus tiü ëvun oxon xe piek nı süwit övo. "We need 35 minutes to bake this cake."

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

ɐ̃ ɐʄcʄɽı ʓȷ ꞇ̑ ɐ̃ʄ ⱴƶ. "Three friends are leaving the group."

ƨʄ ʋ́ʃʒ̃ɿ ɐ̃ ʌ́ʃ cɟɽʄ ɽʇɤ̃ʃ ɽɋ̃ ɋɿ ʋɟɽ̑ɿ ƨȷ ɐʄʒ̆ɟ ɽıɤ. "We need 35 minutes to bake this cake."

Providing a quantity determiner of "one" (kut) can be used as a kind of indefinite article. Like the English article "a" or "an".

Ordinal

Place a numeral word as a regular modifier (after the head noun) and it will represent a relative position of an item in a sequence (an ordinal number).

Latin

lı nomü son xe sün ximol, ü süko noyo. "The third tree from the left is my favorite."

noyo lı umo nonkü xe lı cok. "I was the fourth person to leave."

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

ʓȷ ƨƶʄ ɐ̃ ɋɿ ɐ̃ʄ ɋɟƶ͊, ɽʄ ɐʄɔ ƨɀ. "The third tree from the left is my favorite."

ƨɀ ʓȷ ɽʃƶ ƨ̃ɔʄ ɋɿ ʓȷ ꞇ̑. "I was the fourth person to leave."

Multiplier

Place a numeral word after (öni) and use this as a modifier to represent the number of times something is to be multiplied.

Latin

poholon yünyoü zınkon öni düi. "The closet has double doors."

niün lı kiösö ëto köi tüu zoston öni nonkü pı opunyun. "He's quite athletic and can do quadruple jumps with ease."

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

ʋɂʓ̃ ɀ̃ʄɀɽʄ ⱴ̃ȷɔ̃ ɽıƨɟ ʌʄɽɟ. "The closet has double doors."

ƨɟɽ̃ʄ ʓȷ ɔɟɽıɐı ɽʇc ɔıɽɟ cʄɽʃ ⱴ́c̃ ɽıƨɟ ƨ̃ɔʄ ʋȷ ɽʋ̃ʃɀ̃ʃ. "He's quite athletic and can do quadruple jumps with ease."

Adverbial

Use the same form as above but with the manner marker to get adverbial numerals.

Latin

noyo pı öni kut tölki mokon si piek potuk yë öni mulö "I have only once eaten pizza"

nimü pı öni düi küu yön sikot hoköli hön lono xokön. You should use your toothbrush twice a day.

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

ƨɀ ʋȷ ɽıƨɟ ɔ̆ʃ c͊ıɔɟ ƶɔ̃ ɐɟ ʋɟɽ̑ɿ ʋc̑ʃ ɀʇ ɽıƨɟ ƶʃʓı "I have only once eaten pizza"

ƨɟƶʄ ʋȷ ɽıƨɟ ʌʄɽɟ ɔʄɽʃ ɀ̃ı ɐɟɔ̆ ɂɔıʓɟ ɂ̃ı ʓƨ ɋɔ̃ı. You should use your toothbrush twice a day.

Distributive

You can make distributive numerals using xokön. First, to indicate that a predicate is occurring multiple times with the specified details, you would tack on a xokön at the end of a noun phrase. Here's a non-distributive action and contrasting distributive one:

Latin

umo Tom ü umo Zıl oköt son dıpo. "Tom and Jill carried three boxes."

umo Tom ü umo Zıl oköt son dıpo xokön. "Tom and Jill carried three boxes each."

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

ɽʃƶ ‹cƶ› ɽʄ ɽʃƶ ‹ⱴ͊ȷ› ɽɔ̆ı ɐ̃ ʌȷʋ. "Tom and Jill carried three boxes."

ɽʃƶ ‹cƶ› ɽʄ ɽʃƶ ‹ⱴ͊ȷ› ɽɔ̆ı ɐ̃ ʌȷʋ ɋɔ̃ı. "Tom and Jill carried three boxes each."

In order to specify that something is double the degree of the associated noun-phrase. You prefix a quantity phrase with xokön.

Latin

motüo wohi noyo pı xokön düi diyondë hön xe pı elentët lı ëo ınvultin öni düstu woküt. My mother was always doubly careful when winding the clock.

lı sonkon ü xe pesol zınkon, ün pı xokön son hön pıtün. It is important to lock the door, and triply so at night.

lolü nimü oncëmon ëo xokön düi tönkö hön doho noyo. Your words feel doubly hurtful given my sacrifices.

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

ƶcʄɽ ʒɂɟ ƨɀ ʋȷ ɋɔ̃ı ʌʄɽɟ ʌɟɀ̃ʌʇ ɂ̃ı ɋɿ ʋȷ ɽɿʓ̃ɿc̆ʇ ʓȷ ɽʇɽ ɽ̃ȷɤ͊ʃc̃ɟ ɽıƨɟ ʌ́ʄcʃ ʒɔ̆ʄ. My mother was always doubly careful when winding the clock.

ʓȷ ɐ̃ɔ̃ ɽʄ ɋɿ ʋɿɐ͊ ⱴ̃ȷɔ̃, ɽ̃ʄ ʋȷ ɋɔ̃ı ɐ̃ ɂ̃ı ʋȷc̃ʄ. It is important to lock the door, and triply so at night.

ʓʓʄ ƨɟƶʄ ɽ̃ꞇʇƶ̃ ɽʇɽ ɋɔ̃ı ʌʄɽɟ c̃ıɔı ɂ̃ı ʌɂ ƨɀ. Your words feel doubly hurtful given my sacrifices.

Fractional

{/ TODO /}

Relative

Relative determiners provide relativistic information about the head phrase that they are attached to. They can be relative quantities which are like the above numerical quantities but with a non-exact non-finite understanding of what the exact numerical quantity the noun actually is.

Latin

total/all: möi sütüö noyo süko kontol doi osyen. All my friends like classical music

highest/most: övo lı numüno yë eswen sonkon en möi. This is the most important example.

high/many: lı ëto toliko pësu yë xe cöüvon. "There are many different ways to cook a meal."

higher/more: lı eswen toliko yë xe tüu övo, en vos noyo köi tüek vio kut. "There are more ways to xe this than I can count."

lower/fewer: lı mënüs umo hoi övo pı ipüdü. "There are less people here now."

low/some: yoüti umo süko kon mühoyon. "Some people like camping."

lowest/least: noyo pı tölki yünyoü zötëstö oxon xe cıvü mënüs cıno yë nıwos en möi. I can only afford to pay the least of the bills.

zero/none: xünyu yë düi umo lı sumon. No two people are the same.

ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

total/all: ƶıɽɟ ɐʄcʄɽı ƨɀ ɐʄɔ ɔ̃c͊ ʌɽɟ ɽ́ɀ̃ɿ. All my friends like classical music

highest/most: ɽıɤ ʓȷ ƨʃƶʄƨ ɀʇ ɽ́ɿʒ̃ɿ ɐ̃ɔ̃ ɽ̃ɿ ƶıɽɟ. This is the most important example.

high/many: ʓȷ ɽʇc cʓɟɔ ʋʇɐʃ ɀʇ ɋɿ ꞇıɽʄɤ̃. "There are many different ways to cook a meal."

higher/more: ʓȷ ɽ́ɿʒ̃ɿ cʓɟɔ ɀʇ ɋɿ cʄɽʃ ɽıɤ, ɽ̃ɿ ɤ́ ƨɀ ɔıɽɟ cʄɽ̑ɿ ɤɟɽ ɔ̆ʃ. "There are more ways to xe this than I can count."

lower/fewer: ʓȷ ƶʇƨ́ʄ ɽʃƶ ɂɽɟ ɽıɤ ʋȷ ɽɟʋʄʌʄ. "There are less people here now."

low/some: ɀɽʄcɟ ɽʃƶ ɐʄɔ ɔ̃ ƶʄɂɀ̃. "Some people like camping."

lowest/least: ƨɀ ʋȷ c͊ıɔɟ ɀ̃ʄɀɽʄ ⱴıćʇcı ɽɋ̃ ɋɿ ꞇȷɤʄ ƶʇƨ́ʄ ꞇȷƨ ɀʇ ƨȷʒ́ ɽ̃ɿ ƶıɽɟ. I can only afford to pay the least of the bills.

zero/none: ɋ̃ʄɀʃ ɀʇ ʌʄɽɟ ɽʃƶ ʓȷ ɐʃƶ̃. No two people are the same.

There's also the universal classifications of "every" and "each". These allow for more specific and complex logical statements.

Latin

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ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

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Then there is the relative quantities about position in a sequence. Whether that sequence be positional or time.

Latin

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ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

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Lastly, there are relative quantities that refer to the speakers feelings that the quantity is an adequate amount for their purposes.

Latin

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ɽʋʄꜿɟʌ

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